A Decade of Experience of Management of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Differentiation Between Children and Adults

Abstract

Variations in thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) between children and adult are mentioned very little in literature. The lesion mostly found in children but adult population also possesses this anomaly. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in clinical presentations and surgical outcomes of TGDC between children and adults. A retrospective chart review of all patients with TGDCs managed in our hospital from July 2004 to June 2014. All records were reviewed for age, sex, location of cyst in neck and with relation to hyoid bone, size, postoperative complication and recurrence rates. Differences between children and adults were assessed. A total of 39 patients (21 children and 18 adults) were treated for TGDC. Of the pediatric group, 71.4% were male and 28.5% were female, whereas 72.2% of the adults were male and 27.7% were female. Adults were more likely to develop other complaints like neck pain, dysphagia and dyspnea. Position was almost similar in both age groups with midline and infrahyoid location while laterality was seen in adult only. Size of Cyst was found to be larger in adults. The recurrence and post operative complication rates between children and adults were not significantly different. TGDC has male predominance. Clinical presentations were almost similar in both age groups. Although lateral deviation, increase size of cyst and recurrences were seen in adults only, Sistrunk procedure is recommended as a safe and standard surgical treatment in both age groups.

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