Are dental and jaw bone changes more prevalent in a Brazilian population with sickle cell anemia?

Publication date: Available online 9 March 2017
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Halinna Larissa Cruz Correia de Carvalho, José Yagoh Saraiva Rolim, Érika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz, Soraia de Fátima Carvalho Souza
ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence of dental and jaw bone changes in individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) compared to a control group from a Brazilian population.Study designThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Participants were divided into two groups: SCA and control (123 patients per group). Intraoral periapical radiographs were taken. Changes in bone pattern and dental changes were investigated using the following radiographic parameters: 1) trabecular bone (step-ladder or spider web); 2) integrity of the lamina dura (loss of sharpness and continuity, partial or complete absence, and increased thickness); and 3) dental changes (pulp chamber, root surface, periapex, dental form, number, and position). Fisher's exact and chi-square tests were used to compare frequencies and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare medians (P<0.05).ResultsStep-ladder (P<0.001) and spider-web patterns (P<0.001) in jaw trabecular bone were more common in individuals with SCA than in the control group. Loss of lamina dura was more frequent in SCA than in control individuals (P=0.021). Dental changes were not different between groups (P>0.05), even though the prevalence of hypotaurodontism was twice as high in SCA as in controls (P=0.086).ConclusionsThe prevalence of jaw bone changes is higher in SCA individuals.



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