Mom….Stop stressing me out!! Parental presence and its effect on cortisol levels in children

Parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA) has been a long standing debate among pediatric anesthesiologists. In 1985, the British Medical Journal published a report of an ophthalmologist who was extremely dissatisfied when his request to be present at his 3year old child's induction was vehemently denied. His daughter awoke later that day screaming that she recalled the experience of the mask forcefully being held over her face [1]. It was this letter that triggered the pediatric anesthesia community to consider PPIA.

http://ift.tt/2ndfvGg