Can a Facial Injury Severity Scale Be Used To Predict The Need For Surgical Intervention And Time Of Hospitalization?

Publication date: Available online 20 February 2018
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Tiago Gai Aita, Cecília Luiz Pereira Stabile, Cássia Cilene Dezan Garbelini, Glaykon Alex Vitti Stabile
PurposeTo evaluate whether the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS), proposed by Bagheri et al. in 2006, can predict intervention needs in an operating room (OR), length of hospital stay, and the need for support by other specialties.Patients and MethodsData were collected from the medical records of trauma patients from a public tertiary hospital between January 2009 and December 2015, related to age, gender, comorbidities, habits, history of maxillofacial trauma, etiology, and the presence and location of fractures and lacerations, in addition to the type of treatment performed and period of hospitalization. A score was applied to each patient according to the FISS. Multinominal logistic regression models were adjusted and all analyzes were performed using the IBM statistical package "Statistical Package for Social Science" (SPSS), version 17.0.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 469 medical records. Mean age was 31.38 ± 14.13 years. Traffic accidents were the most frequent cause (41.2%) followed by interpersonal violence (29.4%). The most commonly fractured bone was the mandible (32.9%), and the mandibular angle was the most affected region (29.0%). Reports of alcohol intake resulted in a 100% increase in the need for treatment of fractures in an OR. Patients with FISS> 5 presented 18 times the chance of needing intervention in an OR, and a greater possibility of hospitalization longer than 3 days (< 0.01). The mean length of hospital stay was 8.14 days ± 6.02, with a statistically significant longer hospitalization period for smokers (p <0.0001). Patients with any type of comorbidity were more likely to require support from other specialties (p = 0.022), and those with FISS> 5 were 6.6 times more likely to need this support (p <0.0001).ConclusionHigher FISS values may predispose patients to a longer hospitalization time, greater chances of being submitted to surgical procedures, and the need for follow-up by other medical specialties.



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