Vital signs changes during different dental procedures. A prospective longitudinal cross-over clinical trial.

Publication date: Available online 18 August 2018

Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology

Author(s): Ra'ed Ghaleb Salma, Horiyah Abu-Naim, Osama Ahmad, Doa'a Akelah, Yasmin Salem, Essma Midoun

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of vital signs changes during three different dental treatments.

Study Design

A prospective longitudinal multi-arm cross-over clinical trial was conducted. Three dental procedures were performed on each participant: supragingival scaling, dental restoration under local anesthesia (LA), and exodontia under LA. The following parameters were recorded for in each dental procedure: body temperature (BT), respiratory rate (RR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂). Three repeated measurements of each parameter were recorded at three phases of each procedure.

Results

A total of 150 dental interventions were performed on 50 patients. Scaling caused a statistically significant rise in BT, RR, and SpO₂, and a reduction in HR. Restorative treatment caused a statistically significant rise in SpO₂ during LA. Exodontia caused a statistically significant rise in BT, RR, SBP (during the procedure), and SpO₂ (during LA).

Conclusions

Scaling and restorative treatment did not significantly impact the heart rate. The respiratory rate may temporarily rise during LA injection and some dental procedures, especially exodontia. The systolic blood pressure and heart rate increase during exodontia were tolerated in healthy patients.

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