Perineurioma of the Tongue: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Publication date: Available online 4 October 2018

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author(s): Caleb M. Schadel, Craig W. Anderson, Angela C. Chi, Martin B. Steed

Abstract

A perineurioma is a rare benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor derived from perineurial cells. Based on clinical and pathologic features, perineuriomas can be classified into two major subtypes: intraneural perineurioma and the more common extraneural perineurioma. Both extraneural and intraneural perineuiomas are extremely rare in the oral cavity, and there have been only 38 reported cases (21 EPNs, 17 IPNs). In the current case, a 20-year-old male presented with a painless left dorsal tongue mass. Excisional biospy was performed, and a diagnosis of extraneural perineurioma was made based on microscopic examination with immunohistochemical analysis. 28 months later the patient presented again with concern for a recurrent lesion. Intraoral examination revealed a firm, non-ulcerated left dorsal tongue mass. Re-excision and microscopic examination with immunohistochemical analysis again confirmed the diagnosis of an extraneural perineurioma. In this paper, we present an unusual case of extraneural perineurioma that arose in the tongue and potentially recurred, although the possibility of persistence versus true recurrence exists. In addition, we review the clinicopathologic characteristics of previously reported cases of oral perineurioma.

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