Healing Acceleration of Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil with Pistacia atlantica (Bene) Essential Oil in Hamsters

Abstract

Background

Oral mucositis is a common debilitating condition in cancer patients receiving cytotoxic therapies. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of topical administrations of the essential oil extracted from hull of Pistaciaatlanticafruit (Bene) on healing of oral mucositis in golden hamsters.

Methods

Forty hamsters with oral mucositis induced by 5-Fluorouracil administered on days 0, 5 and 10 and buccal mucosal scratching were randomly divided into four equal groups; group 1 received no additional treatment, group 2 received gel base, groups 3 and 4 received gels containing 5 and 10% oilrespectively. From day 12, after blood sampling of all animals, a half randomly-selected fraction of each group (four half groups) received once daily topical administration of either gel type (gel base, 5% and 10%) or no treatment (control subgroup)over the buccal pouches for 3 days and the remaining halves received the same treatments for 6 days. On each final day 15 and 18, the corresponding subgroups underwent consecutively the repeated blood sampling, mucosal clinical examination and excision for histopathology.

Results

Comparisons on macro- and microscopicaloral mucositis scorings demonstrated dose-dependent healing promotion in the subgroups receiving active gels (P< 0.05). The blood samplings revealed the chemotherapy related pancytopenia with no significant difference among all subgroups on either endpoint (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The healing effect of the Bene oil could mainly be local and attributed to its antioxidants and fatty acid contents present in nonsaponified and saponified fractions respectively.

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