Sonic hedgehog is present in parotid saliva and is decreased in patients with taste dysfunction

Abstract

Purpose

To demonstrate that sonic hedgehog (Shh) is present in human parotid saliva and is decreased in human taste dysfunction.

Methods

Shh was measured in parotid saliva of 27 normal subjects and 81 patients with taste dysfunction of multiple etiologies by use of a sensitive spectrophotometric ELISA assay. Taste dysfunction was defined clinically by both subjective decreases of taste acuity and flavor perception and by impaired gustometry.

Results

Shh was found in parotid saliva in both normal subjects and in patients with taste dysfunction. Levels were significantly lower in patients than in normal subjects. Both subjective loss of taste acuity and flavor perception and impaired gustometry was measured in untreated patients.

Conclusions

This is the first demonstration of Shh in human saliva. Since Shh has been related to taste bud growth and development its presence in saliva is consistent with its role as a cell signaling moiety involved with stimulation of taste bud stem cells to generate taste receptors. Decreased saliva Shh secretion can be considered a marker of taste dysfunction in patients with multiple pathologies for their dysfunction.

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