Publication date: Available online 4 January 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): A. Finon, G. Desoubeaux, M. Nadal, G. Georgescou, R. Baran, A. Maruani
IntroductionLa prise en charge de la gale du nourrisson n'est pas codifiée et les récidives sont fréquentes à cet âge. Nous rapportons un cas exceptionnel d'atteinte sous-unguéale et d'onychopathie des pieds, séquellaires d'une gale commune chez un nourrisson.ObservationUn nourrisson de 7 mois, traité par esdépalléthrine pour une gale 6 semaines auparavant, était vu en consultation pour des modifications unguéales acquises des orteils. Il existait un épaississement unguéal de trois orteils avec hyperkératose sous-unguéale. Le reste de l'examen cutanéo-muqueux et des phanères était normal. L'analyse mycologique de prélèvements d'ongles était négative, mais l'examen direct en microscopie optique trouvait de nombreuses larves de Sarcoptes scabiei, ainsi que des débris d'œufs. Le traitement consistait en une avulsion chimique des ongles atteints (urée à 40 %) associée à des applications d'esdépalléthrine topique et à une prise orale d'ivermectine ; l'enfant a été perdu de vue.DiscussionL'atteinte unguéale a été rapportée dans la gale hyperkératosique et exceptionnellement dans la gale commune de l'adulte. La localisation sous-unguéale et unguéale de S. scabiei pourrait constituer une source de réinfestation de la gale chez les nourrissons. Son traitement reste à définir mais reposerait sur une avulsion chimique de l'ongle et l'application prolongée d'antiscabieux topiques sur le lit unguéal.BackgroundThere are no guidelines regarding the management of scabies in infants and recurrence is common at this age. We report the case of an infant with subungual hyperkeratosis and ungual lesions subsequent to classic scabies.Patients and methodsA 7-month-girl, treated 6 weeks earlier with esdepallethrin for scabies, consulted for acquired lesions on 3 toe nails. These nails were thickened and displayed subungual hyperkeratosis. Physical examination of the skin, the finger nails and mucous membranes was otherwise normal. Fungal analyses were negative, but direct microscopic examination revealed numerous larvae of Sarcoptes scabiei as well as ovular debris. The child was treated with urea 40% to obtain chemical avulsion of the nails, and with topical esdepallethrin and a quarter tablet of ivermectin orally; there was no follow-up of the child.DiscussionUngual scabies has already been reported in crusted scabies and very rarely in classic scabies. Subungual and ungual locations of S. scabiei may constitute a source of reinfestation with scabies in infants. Treatment is not well defined and currently involves chemical avulsion of the nails and the application of topical antiscabies treatment.
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