Los plasmocitomas son tumores malignos caracterizados por proliferación anormal de células plasmáticas monoclonales. Éstos pueden originarse tanto en hueso como en tejidos blandos, denominados plasmocitomas óseos solitarios y plasmocitomas extra-medulares (PEM), respectivamente. Estos últimos representan menos del 1% de toda la patología maligna de cabeza y cuello, sin embargo, el reporte de estos casos resulta provechoso frente a la poca casuística al respecto. Presentamos el caso de plasmocitoma extramedular del septo nasal en un varón de 74 años con dificultad respiratoria nasal progresiva y frecuente epistaxis del lado izquierdo. A la especuloscopía nasal se observó en el vestíbulo una elevación tumoral de superficie lisa, grisácea, sésil. La biopsia mostró que era un plasmocitoma. Estudios posteriores descartaron la presencia de mieloma múltiple. Esto confirmó el diagnóstico de PEM. La masa fue completamente disecada, se indicó radioterapia y el paciente no tuvo adherencia al tratamiento. Sobre el mismo lecho al año siguiente reaparece lesión de similares características. Conclusión: Plasmocitoma extramedular del tabique nasal es una entidad rara, de una larga historia natural y que representa un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico. Dependiendo de la resecabilidad de la lesión, la terapia combinada mediante cirugía y radioterapia es el tratamiento de elección.
Plasmacytomas are malignant tumors characterized by abnormal proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells. They may originate in bone and soft tissue , called solitary bone plasmacytoma and extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMP) respectively. The latter represents less than 1% of all malignant disease of the head and neck, however, the report of these cases it is useful to cope with the shallow casuistics thereon. We report a case of EMP of the nasal septum in a man of 74 years with progressive nasal breathing difficulties and frequent epistaxis on the left side. A nasal speculoscopy was observed in tumor lift lobby smooth, gray, sessile surface. The biopsy showed it was a plasmacytoma. Subsequent studies reject the presence of multiple myeloma. This confirmed the diagnosis of EMP. The mass was completely dissected, radiation therapy is indicated and the patient had no adherence. Upon the same place a similar injury returns. Conclusion: Septum extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare entity of a long natural history and represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Depending on the resectability of the lesion, combination therapy with surgery and radiation therapy is the treatment of choice.
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Αλέξανδρος Γ. Σφακιανάκης
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