Human sleep is linked with nearly every aspect of our health and wellbeing. The question whether and to what extent human sleep is in a state of evolutionary mismatch has gained recent attention from both clinical and biological science researchers. Here, I use a comparative Bayesian approach aimed at testing the sleep epidemic hypothesis, the idea that, due to labor demands and technological disruption, sleep-wake activity is negatively impacted in post-industrial, economically developed societies....
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
J Neurol Surg B Skull BaseDOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705158Ependymoma is one of the most common pediatric tumors in central nervous system, for which gross total resection has been the most favorable prognostic factor.1 2 However, surgery of ependymomas located in brain stem is significantly challenging. This video demonstrates the microsurgical removal of an ependymoma originating from ependymal cells of the lateral recess of fourth ventricle via retrosigmoid approach in an 11-year-old female....
Thu Sep 17, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg B Skull BaseDOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701656We present a case of a sizeable vagal schwannoma that was resected through a lateral suboccipital approach in semisitting position. An extra-axial lesion, occupying the left cerebellomedullary cistern and extending from the pontomedullary junction to the jugular foramen was incidentally discovered in a 40-year-old woman afflicted with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis during repeated magnetic resonance imaging (Fig. 1). On physical examination,...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg B Skull BaseDOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705161 Objectives The video demonstrates the steps for an endoscopic transnasal approach for resection of the odontoid causing platybasia with basilar invasion. Design The video reviews the clinical presentation, preoperative workup and imaging, patient positioning, technical nuances of the procedure, reconstruction, and clinical outcomes including postoperative imaging. Setting The surgery was performed by a skull base...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg B Skull BaseDOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715096The orbit is a paired, transversely oval, and cone-shaped osseous cavity bounded and formed by the anterior and middle cranial base as well as the viscerocranium. Its main contents are the anterior part of the visual system, globe and optic nerve, and the associated neural, vascular, muscular, glandular, and ligamentous structures required for oculomotion, lacrimation, accommodation, and sensation.A complex stream of afferent and efferent information...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 02:00
J Neurol Surg B Skull BaseDOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715471Cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM) with orbital involvement presents a unique challenge to modern-day neurosurgeons. In the modern era of preventive medicine with enhanced screening tools, physicians encounter CSM more frequently. An indolent natural history, late clinical presentation, close proximity to vital neurovascular structures, poor tumor-to-normal tissue interface, and high risk of iatrogenic morbidity and mortality with aggressive resection...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 02:00
While the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy and immunotherapy have significantly improved lung cancer management, many patients do not benefit or become resistant to treatment, highlighting the need for novel treatments. We found elevated CD73 expression to be prevalent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) including those harboring the RAS- or RTK (EGFR, EML4-ALK) oncogenes. CD73 expression is enriched closely with the transcriptome signature of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune-tolerant...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
The initiation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) induces susceptibilities in prostate cancer (PC) cells that make them vulnerable to synergistic treatment and enhanced cell death. Senescence results in cell cycle arrest, but cells remain viable. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which PC cells undergo senescence in response to ADT, and determined whether an FDA approved antidiabetic drug metformin has a synergistic effect with ADT in PC both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
Osimertinib is an oral, third-generation, irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) that selectively inhibits both EGFR-TKI-sensitizing and EGFR T790M resistance mutations with lower activity against wild-type EGFR and has demonstrated efficacy in NSCLC CNS metastases. The sensitizing mutations, the in-frame deletions in exon 19 and the L858R point mutation in exon 21, represent between 80 and 90% of all EGFR mutations. The remaining 10 to 20% are referred...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
Osimertinib is the only EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) capable of overcoming EGFR-T790M-mutated NSCLC, but osimertinib-resistant EGFR triple mutations (Del19/T790M/C797S or L858R/T790M/C797S) have been reported. Although allosteric EGFR TKIs (eg. EAI-045) which potentially overcome L858R/T790M/C797S have been identified, there are no effective inhibitors against Del19/T790M/C797S. In this study, we identified CH7233163 as having the potential to overcome EGFR-Del19/T790M/C797S. CH7233163 showed...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
PRX302 is a highly potent mutant bacterial pore-forming biologic protoxin engineered for selective activation by prostate specific antigen (PSA), a serine protease expressed by benign and malignant prostate epithelial cells. Though being developed as a local therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia and localized prostate cancer, PRX302 cannot be administered systemically as a treatment for metastatic disease due to binding to ubiquitously expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins,...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
Here, We examined the role of EP-100 (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) ligand joined to a lytic peptide), improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. LHRH-R-positive murine ovarian cancer cells (ID8, IG10, IF5, and 2C12) were sensitive to EP-100 and were specifically killed at low micromolar levels through LHRH-R. EP-100 increased PD-L1 levels on murine ovarian cancer cells. In vivo syngeneic mouse models (ID8 and IG10) demonstrated that single-agent EP-100 reduced tumor volume,...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
Melanomas arising in the mucous membranes are a rare and aggressive subtype. New treatment approaches are needed, yet accumulating sufficient evidence to improve patient outcomes is difficult. Clinical and pathological correlates between human and canine mucosal melanomas (MM) are substantial, and the relatively greater incidence of spontaneous naturally occurring MM in dogs represents a promising opportunity for predictive modeling. The genomic landscapes of human and canine MM appear highly...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:06
RNA interference is a powerful tool for dissecting gene function. In Caenorhabditis elegans, ingestion of double stranded RNA causes strong, systemic knockdown of target genes. Further insight into gene function can be revealed by tissue-specific RNAi techniques. Currently available tissue-specific C. elegans strains rely on rescue of RNAi function in a desired tissue or cell in an otherwise RNAi deficient genetic background. We attempted to assess the contribution of specific tissues to polyunsaturated...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 23:09
SUMMARY:Chiari malformations are a diverse group of abnormalities of the brain, craniovertebral junction, and the spine. Chiari 0, I, and 1.5 malformations, likely a spectrum of the same malformation with increasing severity, are due to the inadequacy of the para-axial mesoderm, which leads to insufficient development of occipital somites. Chiari II malformation is possibly due to nonclosure of the caudal end of the neuropore, with similar pathogenesis in the rostral end, which causes a Chiari III...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 16:52
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Fetal imaging is crucial in the evaluation of open neural tube defects. The identification of intraventricular hemorrhage prenatally has unclear clinical implications. We aimed to explore fetal imaging findings in open neural tube defects and evaluate associations between intraventricular hemorrhage with prenatal and postnatal hindbrain herniation, postnatal intraventricular hemorrhage, and ventricular shunt placement.MATERIALS AND METHODS:After institutional review board approval,...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 16:53
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Human papillomavirus is a prognostic marker for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. We aimed to determine the value of CT-based radiomics for predicting the human papillomavirus status and overall survival in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eighty-six patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively collected and grouped into training (n = 61) and test (n = 25) sets. For human papillomavirus status and overall...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 17:02
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The superior diagnostic accuracy of fetal MR imaging in detecting fetal brain abnormalities has been previously demonstrated; however, the ability of fetal MR imaging to prognosticate postnatal outcome is not well-studied. We performed a retrospective analysis to determine the prognostic accuracy of fetal MR imaging in predicting postnatal neurodevelopmental outcome.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We identified all fetal MR imaging performed at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 17:40
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is mounting evidence supporting the benefit of intra-arterial administration of vasodilators in diagnosing reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. We prospectively quantified the degree of luminal diameter dilation after intra-arterial administration of verapamil and its accuracy in diagnosing reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients suspected of having intracranial arteriopathy on noninvasive imaging and referred for digital...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 17:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:CT-guided head and neck biopsies can be challenging due to the anatomy and adjacent critical structures but can often obviate the need for open biopsy. A few studies and review articles have described approaches to biopsy in the head and neck. This retrospective study evaluated technical considerations, histopathologic yield, and safety in CT-guided head and neck core needle biopsies.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective review of head and neck biopsies performed from January...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 18:01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is a paucity of data regarding antiplatelet management strategies in the setting of stent-assisted coiling/flow diversion for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. This study aimed to identify current challenges in antiplatelet management during stent-assisted coiling/flow diversion for ruptured intracranial aneurysms and to outline possible antiplatelet management strategies.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The modified DELPHI approach with an on-line questionnaire was sent in several...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 18:02
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:DSC-PWI has demonstrated promising results in the presurgical diagnosis of brain tumors. While most studies analyze specific parameters derived from time-intensity curves, very few have directly analyzed the whole curves. The aims of this study were the following: 1) to design a new method of postprocessing time-intensity curves, which renders normalized curves, and 2) to test its feasibility and performance on the diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma.MATERIALS...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 19:17
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relies on clinical features and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing, but the sensitivity is limited. Carotid CTA is a routine acute stroke investigation and includes the lung apices. We evaluated CTA as a potential COVID-19 diagnostic imaging biomarker.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a multicenter, retrospective study (n = 225) including CTAs of patients with suspected acute stroke from 3 hyperacute stroke...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 22:56
Human-driven habitat fragmentation and loss have led to a proliferation of small and isolated plant and animal populations with high risk of extinction. One of the main threats to extinction in these populations is inbreeding depression, which is primarily caused by the exposure of recessive deleterious mutations as homozygous by inbreeding. The typical approach for managing these populations is to maintain high genetic diversity, often by translocating individuals from large populations to initiate...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Biomedical and clinical sciences are experiencing a renewed interest in the fact that males and females differ in many anatomic, physiological, and behavioral traits. Sex differences in trait variability, however, are yet to receive similar recognition. In medical science, mammalian females are assumed to have higher trait variability due to estrous cycles (the "estrus-mediated variability hypothesis"); historically in biomedical research, females have been excluded for this reason. Contrastingly,...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Related Articles Cerium nitrate enhances anti-bacterial effects and imparts anti-inflammatory properties to silver dressings in a rat scald burn model. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):91-100 Authors: Qian LW, Fourcaudot AB, Chen P, Brandenburg KS, Weaver AJ, Leung KP Abstract Current commercially available silver-based wound dressings such as silver-nylon have been used as antimicrobial barriers for burn and trauma care in combat conditions...
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Related Articles Red cell distribution width and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictive factor in treatment of pediatric patients with burns. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):101-106 Authors: Gunduz M, Ciftci I, Yasti AC, Guven A Abstract BACKGROUND: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with mortality in certain diseases. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR] is being used as a decisive parameter in inflammatory diseases. The...
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Changing of serum metabolic hormone and liver size during acute phase of severe adult burn patients.
Related Articles Changing of serum metabolic hormone and liver size during acute phase of severe adult burn patients. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):107-112 Authors: Nguyen LN, Phan KQ, Nguyen AH Abstract The aims of this study were to determine characteristics and factors influencing metabolic hormones including serum catecholamines, cortisol level and liver size in severe adult burn patients. A prospective study was conducted on 44 adult...
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Related Articles Treatment of unstable extra-articular distal radius fractures using locked volar plating and percutaneous pinning without external fixation. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):113-120 Authors: Joni SS, Yavari P, Tavakoli P, Tavoosi P, Mohammadsharifi G Abstract INTRODUCTION: One of the most common fractions is distal radius fracture, and various treatments have been suggested for this. The purpose of this study, is comparison of...
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Related Articles Bilateral sub-trochanteric femur fragility fractures in a patient on antiretroviral therapy: a case based discussion and review of literature. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):121-126 Authors: Rajnish RK, Rathod PM, Aggarwal S, Agarwal S, Kumar P Abstract BACKGROUND: The burden of HIV/AIDS is ever increasing, affecting populations all over the world. Along with the disease, its effects and consequences on bone health are also...
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Related Articles Osteosynthesis of pediatric femoral shaft fractures with flexible intramedullary nailing-experience from developing world. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):127-136 Authors: Kirmani TT, Huda N, Mishra G Abstract BACKGROUND: Flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) has become the standard treatment for pediatric femoral fractures in the 6-14 years age group. The other treatment options include traction plus spica casting and external...
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Related Articles Post-traumatic wounds over the dorsum of the foot - our experience. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):137-145 Authors: Khan MM, Cheruvu VPR, Krishna D, Laitonjam M, Minz R, Joshi R Abstract Post-traumatic wounds over the dorsum of the foot are commonly seen in our practice. Road traffic accidents, crush injuries due to the fall of heavy objects and burns are common causes of these injures. The subcutaneous tissue in this region...
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Related Articles Bias in alcohol and drug screening in adult burn patients. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):146-155 Authors: Williams FN, Chrisco L, Strassle PD, Laughon SL, Sljivic S, Nurczyk K, Nizamani R, King BT, Charles A Abstract Alcohol and illicit drug use are common among burn-injured patients. Urine toxicology and alcohol screens are a part of our admission order sets and automatically ordered for all adult patients. Our objective...
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Related Articles Frostbite injuries and our experience treatment in the Samarkand area Uzbekistan. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):156-161 Authors: Shakirov BM Abstract Cold injury remains one of the most complex and actual problems of emergency medicine. Frosting injuries are also observed in the regions with warm climate particularly in Uzbekistan able - bodies men suffer most often, 85-90% of them are admitted in the condition of alcohol...
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Related Articles Impact of complicated and uncomplicated traumatic dental injuries on oral health-related quality of life of preschoolers and their family. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):162-168 Authors: Antunes LAA, Milani AJ, Castilho T, Antunes LS Abstract The severity of a traumatic dental injury (TDI) can influence the prognosis of deciduous teeth and the formation of permanent successors. Consequently, it can have a negative influence...
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Related Articles Survival analysis of mechanically ventilated patients in the burn unit at king abdulaziz medical city in Riyadh 2016-2019. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):169-173 Authors: Ismaeil T, Alramahi G, Othman F, Mumenah N, Alotaibi L, Baazim H, Aljawan S, Al-Suabie S Abstract BACKGROUND: Burn injuries are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. For patients with extensive burn injuries, mechanical ventilation (MV) is a critical...
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Related Articles Periosteal chondroma of pelvis - an unusual location. Int J Burns Trauma. 2020;10(4):174-180 Authors: Motififard M, Hatami S, Jamalipour Soufi G Abstract Periosteal chondroma is a slow growing benign tumor with prevalence rate of less than 2% of all chondromas. This tumor is mostly observed in clavicle, ribs and humerus and only one previous case has been reported in pelvis. Here we present an unusual case of periosteal chondroma...
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Thu Sep 17, 2020 16:06
Background: Amphiregulin (AREG) and epiregulin (EREG) are ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Predictive information for anti-EGFR treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) was observed, but data for other agents is limited. Methods: Ligand mRNA expression, RAS, BRAF, PIK3CA mutations and EGFR expression were assessed by RTqPCR, pyrosequencing and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in mCRC tumor tissue of patients participating in the randomized controlled trials FIRE-1,...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Systemic immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade targeted at PD(L)1 and CTLA4 have demonstrated their ability to provide durable tumor responses and long term overall survival benefits for some patients in several solid tumor types. However, a majority of patients remain resistant to these treatments and a significant proportion of them develop severe auto-immune and inflammatory adverse events. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that intratumoral injections of immunostimulatory products...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Purpose: Simultaneously targeting the tumor and tumor microenvironment (TME) may hold promise in treating children with refractory solid tumors. Pexidartinib, an oral inhibitor of tyrosine kinases including Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF-1R), KIT, and FLT3, is FDA approved in adults with tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT). A phase I trial was conducted in pediatric and young adult patients (pts) with refractory leukemias or solid tumors including neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) related...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Purpose: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) represents the second most common histological breast cancer subtype after invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). While primary ILC has been extensively studied, metastatic ILC has been poorly characterized at the genomic and immune level. Experimental design: We retrospectively assembled the multi-centric EuroILC series of matched primary and metastatic samples from 94 patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive ILC. Stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTIL)...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Purpose: Danvatirsen is a therapeutic antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that selectively targets STAT3 and has shown clinical activity in two Phase 1 clinical studies. We interrogated the clinical mechanism of action using danvatirsen-treated patient samples and conducted back-translational studies to further elucidate its immunomodulatory mechanism of action. Experimental Design: Paired biopsies and blood samples from danvatirsen-treated patients were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and gene...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Purpose: Based on synergistic effects between green tea polyphenon E (PPE) and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor in preclinical studies, we conducted a phase 1b study of the PPE and erlotinib combination in patients with advanced premalignant lesions (APL) of the oral cavity and larynx. Patients and Methods: Patients were treated with a fixed dose of PPE (200mg 3x day) and dose escalation of erlotinib (50, 75, 100 mg daily) for 6-months (6-M) with tissue biopsy at baseline...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Purpose: Androgen-receptor (AR) inhibition can upregulate c-MET expression, which may be a resistance mechanism driving progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We conducted a phase 1 trial investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of a potent c-MET inhibitor crizotinib with the AR antagonist enzalutamide in CRPC. Experimental Design: Employing a 3+3 dose-escalation design, we tested 3 dose levels of crizotinib (250mg daily, 200mg BID, 250mg BID) with standard dose enzalutamide...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 15:56
Hybridization is a central mechanism in evolution, producing new species or introducing important genetic variation into existing species. In plant-pathogenic fungi, adaptation and specialization to exploit a ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Abstract Sexual dimorphism in life history traits and their trade‐offs is widespread among sexually reproducing animals, and is strongly influenced by the differences in reproductive strategies between the sexes. We investigated how intrasexual competition influenced specific life history traits, important to fitness, and their trade‐offs in the outcrossing nematode Caenorhabditis remanei. Here, we altered the strength of sex‐specific selection through experimental evolution with increased potential...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 16:39
Aim: This study characterises and compares electrical properties and current spread across four different makes of cochlear implants with differing electrode designs using a 3D-printed artificial cochlear model. Background: Cochlear implants are currently limited by current spread within the cochlea, which causes low spectral resolution of auditory nerve stimulation. Different cochlear implant makes vary in electrode size, shape, number, and configuration. How these differences affect cochlear...
Wed Sep 16, 2020 03:00
Objective: To reveal the patency of the anterior epitympanic space (AES) and the surgical outcomes after transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) for attic cholesteatoma with a classification of anatomical variation of the AES. Study Design: Retrospective case review. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: Seventy-four ears (72 patients with early-stage (I or II) attic cholesteatoma) aged between 16 and 85 years (mean: 48.9 yr) who underwent TEES between 2015 and 2017 were...
Wed Sep 16, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Wed Sep 16, 2020 03:00
Objective: To propose a simple grading of inner ear malformation (IEM) and investigate intracochlear electrical auditory brainstem response (EABR) and outcomes for hearing in terms of the novel grading system. Study Design: Retrospective case review. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: Sixty patients with IEMs who received cochlear implants. Intervention: Grading according to observation of modiolus deficiency and/or internal auditory canal (IAC) cochlear nerve deficiency...
Wed Sep 16, 2020 03:00
Objectives: The aim of this study is to report on our preliminary experience with Transimpedance Matrix (TIM)-measurement for the detection of cochlear implant electrode tip foldovers compared with intraoperative imaging in patients implanted with the slim modiolar electrode (SME). Study Design: Proof of concept study. Setting: Tertiary university referral center. Patients: Twenty five ears (in 22 patients) implanted consecutively with the SME. Intervention(s): Following cochlear...
Wed Sep 16, 2020 03:00
Objective: Compare outcomes of middle cranial fossa approach (MCF) to vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection in patients 60 years of age and older to patients under 60. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients: Charts of 216 consecutive VS patients over 18 years of age were reviewed to identify 67 patients who underwent MCF approach to VS resection between 2006 and 2017. Intervention(s): Age at time of surgery. Main Outcome Measure(s):...
Wed Sep 16, 2020 03:00
Oncogenesis, Published online: 17 September 2020; doi:10.1038/s41389-020-00267-xTumor-derived HMGB1 induces CD62Ldim neutrophil polarization and promotes lung metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Surgical Infections, Ahead of Print.
Wed Sep 16, 2020 10:00
Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
Thu Sep 17, 2020 10:00
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Thu Sep 17, 2020 10:00
Genome functioning in hybrids faces inconsistency. This mismatch is manifested clearly in meiosis during chromosome synapsis and recombination. Species with chromosomal variability can be a model for exploring genomic battles with high visibility due to the use of advanced immunocytochemical methods. We studied synaptonemal complexes (SC) and prophase I processes in 44-chromosome intraspecific (Ellobius tancrei X E. tancrei) and interspecific (Ellobius talpinus X E. tancrei) hybrid mole voles heterozygous...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
This patient presented with amnesia. MRI revealed fornix infarction. The fornix plays an important role in the human memory by connecting the hippocampus with other structures involved with memory, including the anterior thalami, septal nuclei, and mammillary bodies. Amnesia, resulting from lesions involving the fornix, has been attributed to the damage of this vital link.Famous Radiology Blog http://www.sumerdoc.blogspot.com TeleRad Providers at www.teleradproviders.com Mail us at sales@teleradproviders.com
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Abstract Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms behind the correlation of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unclear. We aim to uncover the genes and potential mechanisms that drive the progression. This study uncovered the genes and potential mechanisms through a multiple‐omics integration approach. The quantitative proteomics combined with phenotype‐association...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 18:29
Related Articles Monoclonal antibody as an emerging therapy for acute ischemic stroke. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2020;12(4):95-106 Authors: Woods D, Jiang Q, Chu XP Abstract Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the 5th leading cause of death and the leading cause of neurological disability in the United States. The oxygen and glucose deprivation associated with AIS not only leads to neuronal cell death, but also increases the inflammatory...
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Related Articles Hibiscus sabdariffa extract protects against cadmium-induced ovarian toxicity in adult Wistar rats. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2020;12(4):107-114 Authors: Oyewopo AO, Olaniyi KS, Olojede SO, Lawal SK, Amusa OA, Ajadi IO Abstract Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) is native to tropical and subtropical regions, and its enrichment as a source of antioxidants and phytoestrogen has been documented. The present study investigated...
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Related Articles Altered gestational outcomes and delayed pubertal onset in prenatally and early postnatally food restricted male and female rats: mitigation by quercetin and kaempferol. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2020;12(4):115-127 Authors: Anachuna KK, Ekhoye EI, Iyare C, Katchy N, Ben-Azu B, Adeniyi DB, Daubry TME, Iyare E Abstract Nutrigenomic malnutrition during pregnancy and early postnatal life has serious consequences on...
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The steps of sex chromosome evolution are often thought to follow a predictable pattern and tempo, but few studies have examined how the outcomes of this process differ between closely related species with homologous sex chromosomes. The sex chromosomes of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and Japan Sea stickleback (G. nipponicus) have been well characterized. Little is known, however, about the sex chromosomes in their distantly related congener, the blackspotted stickleback (G....
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Trait evolution in a set of species---a central theme in evolutionary biology---has long been understood and analyzed with respect to a species tree. However, the field of phylogenomics, which has been propelled by advances in sequencing technologies, has ushered in the era of species/gene tree incongruence and, consequently, a more nuanced understanding of trait evolution. For a trait whose states are incongruent with the branching patterns in the species tree, the same state could have arisen independently...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
The dynamics of the community structure and composition of the dairy cow fecal bacterial communities during early lactation is unclear, therefore this study was conducted to characterize the fecal bacterial co...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Abstract Glucocorticoid hormones, such as corticosterone, are crucial in regulating daily life metabolism and energy expenditure, as well as promoting short‐term physiological and behavioural responses to unpredictable environmental challenges. Therefore, glucocorticoids are considered to mediate trade‐offs between survival and reproduction. Relatively little is known about how selection has shaped glucocorticoid levels. We used 15 years of capture‐recapture and dead recovery data combined with...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 16:41
Abstract Background Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may play a role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study analyzed fecal SCFAs after performing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in the IBS patients who were included in our previous study of the efficacy of FMT. Methods This study included 142 of the 164 IBS patients who participated in our previous study. They were belonging to three groups: placebo (own feces), 30‐g (superdonor feces), and 60‐g (superdonor...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 16:36
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor cells are important components of the tumor microenvironment. M2 polarization of TAMs, which is a major actor in breast cancer malignancy and metastasis, can be in...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
The chemical modification of RNA is a newly discovered epigenetic regulation mechanism in cells and plays a crucial role in a variety of biological processes. N6-methyladenine (m6A) mRNA modification is the mo...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rationale and objectives Binge-like alcohol consumption during adolescence associates with several deleterious consequences during adulthood including an increased risk for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD) and other addictions. Replicated preclinical data has indicated that adolescent exposure to binge-like levels of alcohol results in a reduction of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and an upregulation in the α7 nicotinic...
Tue Sep 01, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rationale The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase mediates various long-lasting forms of synaptic and behavioural plasticity. However, there is little information concerning the temporal pattern of mTOR activation and susceptibility to pharmacological intervention during consolidation of contextual fear memory. Moreover, the contribution of both mTOR complex 1 and 2 together or the mTOR complex 1 downstream effector...
Tue Sep 01, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rationale Previous research has suggested that schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), a condition that shares clinical and cognitive features with schizophrenia, may be associated with elevated striatal dopamine functioning; however, there are no published studies of dopamine release within subregions of the striatum in SPD. Objectives ...
Tue Sep 01, 2020 03:00
Abstract Rationale Many depressed women continue antidepressant treatment during pregnancy. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment during pregnancy increases the risk for abnormal social development of the child, including increased aggressive or defiant behavior, with unknown effects on sexual behavior. Objectives Our aim was...
Tue Sep 01, 2020 03:00
Following outbreaks linked to frozen strawberries in Sweden and Austria in 2018, 65 cases linked to the same hepatitis A virus strain were detected in Germany between October 2018 and January 2020, presenting in two waves. Two case–control studies and a comparison of cases’ consumption frequencies with purchase data from a large consumer panel provided strong evidence for frozen strawberry cake as the main vehicle of transmission. Of 46 cases interviewed, 27 reported consuming frozen strawberry cake...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
To limit SARS-CoV-2 spread, quarantine and isolation are obligatory in several situations in Norway. We found low self-reported adherence to requested measures among 1,704 individuals (42%; 95% confidence interval: 37–48). Adherence was lower in May–June–July (33–38%) compared with April (66%), and higher among those experiencing COVID-19-compatible symptoms (71%) compared with those without (28%). These findings suggest that consideration is required of strategies to improve people’s adherence to...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Summary We report the case of who has been hospitalized complaining about fever in the last 4 days. Laboratory data revealed lymphocytopenia and leucopenia with an elevation of C‐reactive protein and positive real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Six days before this hospitalization, when the patient was asymptomatic, 18F‐FDG PET/CT images were performed for the therapeutic control of liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Lung abnormality findings at 18F‐FDG PET/CT...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 20:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Original Article 10 (3); 164-170 doi:10.25259/APOS_106_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Original Article 10 (3); 171-177 doi:10.25259/APOS_79_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Clinical Innovation 10 (3); 195-200 doi:10.25259/APOS_18_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Editorial 10 (3); 139-141 doi:10.25259/APOS_141_2020 Buy Reprints PDF ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Special Feature 10 (3); 150-152 doi:10.25259/APOS_126_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Clinical Pearl 10 (3); 191-194 doi:10.25259/APOS_49_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Original Article 10 (3); 153-163 doi:10.25259/APOS_83_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Case Report 10 (3); 185-190 doi:10.25259/APOS_43_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Experts Corner 10 (3); 142-149 doi:10.25259/APOS_110_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Share Tweet Share Whatsapp Email View/Download PDF Download ---Citations--- BibTeX RIS Original Article 10 (3); 178-184 doi:10.25259/APOS_136_2020 Buy Reprints ...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 21:30
Abstract BRCA1‐associated protein‐1 (BAP1) expression is commonly lost in several tumors including malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Presence or absence of immunohistochemical BAP1 nuclear staining in tumor cells is currently used for differential diagnosis of MPM. In this study, a large cohort of 596 MPM tumors with available clinical data was analyzed to examine associations of BAP1 staining pattern with clinical and molecular features that may reflect the impact of BAP1 mutation on MPM biology....
Thu Sep 17, 2020 20:27
Abstract Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gut. GIST are thought to arise solely from interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), a KIT‐positive population that controls gut motility. Activating gain‐of‐function mutations in KIT and PDGFRA are the most frequent driver events, and most of these tumors are responsive to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib. Less common drivers include mutant BRAF V600E and these tumors are resistant to imatinib. A...
Thu Sep 17, 2020 20:28
Abstract Purpose Few data exist on dihydrotestosterone (DHT) adaptation to exercise-related stress. The aim of the study was to investigate on serum DHT and other androgens’ responses to acute aerobic exercises, and to verify if a long-acting phosphodiesterase’s type 5 inhibitors could influence these responses, as previously observed for salivary testosterone. Methods...
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Nine pharmaceutical company leaders took the unprecedented step on September 8, 2020, of stating that they would refuse to apply for approval of a Covid-19 vaccine until adequate trial data are available. This announcement reflected an unusual role reversal at a time of unexpected regulatory…
Tue Sep 15, 2020 03:00
The induction and maintenance of robust immune tolerance has been the holy grail of immunology for decades. In the absence of robust unresponsiveness of the immune system to self antigens (immune tolerance), uncontrolled reactivity can lead to disorders like food allergies and autoimmune diseases.…
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
To the Editor: We report data from a large series of patients in whom the Guillain–Barré syndrome developed after they had been infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). JEV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is transmitted by mosquitoes. The first case of Japanese encephalitis was reported…
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
Presentation of Case. Dr. Matthew B. Roberts: A 66-year-old man who had undergone orthotopic liver transplantation because of end-stage liver disease was admitted to this hospital because of fever and cough during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe…
Thu Sep 17, 2020 03:00
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