Publication date: Available online 24 February 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): N. Brahimi, E. Maubec, T. Petit, B. Crickx, V. Descamps
IntroductionLa pustulose exanthématique aiguë généralisée (PEAG) est une toxidermie sévère réalisant une éruption maculo-pustuleuse fébrile d'apparition brutale. Nous rapportons une première observation de PEAG secondaire à la prise de phloroglucinol (Spasfon®).ObservationUne femme de 27 ans, enceinte, développait un tableau de pustulose exanthématique fébrile trois jours après la prise phloroglucinol et de paracétamol (Perfalgan®) par voie parentérale en traitement d'une colique néphrétique. Elle n'avait aucun antécédent de psoriasis. Le bilan biologique montrait une hyperleucocytose à polynucléaires neutrophiles. Les prélèvements cytobactériologiques des pustules étaient négatifs. La biopsie cutanée trouvait une vasculite leucocytoclasique à polynucléaires neutrophiles. La réintroduction du phloroglucinol après l'accouchement induisait la reproduction du même tableau clinique au bout de quelques heures. Le diagnostic de PEAG secondaire au phloroglucinol était retenu, avec un score d'imputabilité intrinsèque I4 (S3 C3) selon les critères de Begaud et al. L'évolution était favorable après interruption du médicament.DiscussionIl s'agit à notre connaissance du premier cas de PEAG pour lequel l'imputabilité du phloroglucinol est confirmée par un test de réintroduction positif.BackgroundAcute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe drug eruption. We report herein the first case of AGEP induced by phloroglucinol (Spasfon®).Patients and methodsA 27-year-old pregnant woman developed a febrile exanthematous pustulosis eruption three days after treatment with intravenous phloroglucinol and paracetamol for nephritic colic. She had no previous history of psoriasis. The laboratory workup showed hyperleukocytosis with neutrophilia. A cytobacteriological sample of the pustules was negative. Skin biopsy revealed marked neutrophilic and leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Reintroduction of phloroglucinol after delivery resulted in the same clinical symptoms within a few hours of intake. A diagnosis of phloroglucinol-induced AGEP was made on the basis of intrinsic imputability of I4 (S3 C3) using the imputability criteria of Begaud et al. The outcome was favorable after withdrawal of the drug.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of phloroglucinol-induced AGEP confirmed by reintroduction of the drug.
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