The response to Trendelenburg position is minimally affected by underlying hemodynamic conditions in patients with aortic stenosis

Abstract

Purpose

Trendelenburg positioning is commonly used to temporarily treat intraoperative hypotension. The Trendelenburg position improves cardiac output in normovolemic or anesthetized patients, but not hypovolemic or non-anesthetized patients. Therefore, the response to Trendelenburg positioning may vary depending on patient population or hemodynamic conditions. We thus tested the hypothesis that the effectiveness of the Trendelenburg position, as indicated by an increase in cardiac output, improves after replacement of a stenotic aortic valve. Secondarily, we evaluated whether measurements of left ventricular preload, systolic function, or afterload were associated with the response to Trendelenburg positioning.

Methods

This study is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial which included patients having aortic valve replacement (AVR) who were monitored with pulmonary artery catheters (NCT01187329). We examined changes in thermodilution cardiac output with Trendelenburg positioning before and after AVR. We also examined whether echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements of preload, afterload, and systolic function were associated with changes in cardiac output during Trendelenburg positioning.

Results

Thirty-seven patients were included. The median [IQR] cardiac output change with Trendelenburg positioning was −3% [−10%, 5%] before AVR versus +4% [−4%, 15%] after AVR. Estimated median difference in cardiac output with Trendelenburg was 5% (95% CI 1, 15%, P = 0.04) greater after AVR. The response to Trendelenburg positioning was largely independent of hemodynamic conditions.

Conclusion

The response to Trendelenburg positioning improved following AVR, but by a clinically unimportant amount. The response to Trendelenburg positioning was independent of hemodynamic conditions.

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